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List of Figures

• 1.1. Chaco Culture NHP showing additions and inventory survey areas
• 1.2. Chaco area temporal classifications

• 2.1a. Examples of habitation component layouts: 29SJ 2614 and 29SJ 2683
• 2.1b. Examples of habitation component layouts: 29SJ 203 and 29SJ 201
• 2.1c. Examples of habitation component layouts: 29SJ 282 and 29SJ 2508
• 2.2a. Examples of fieldhouse component layouts: 29Mc 300 and 29SJ 2985
• 2.2b. Examples of fieldhouse component layouts: 29SJ 2791 and 29Mc 250
• 2.2c. Examples of fieldhouse component layouts: 29SJ207 and 29SJ 324
• 2.3a. Examples of ledgeroom component layouts: 29SJ 293 and 29Mc 290
• 2.3b. Examples of ledgeroom component layouts: 29Mc217 and 29Mc255
• 2.3c. Examples of ledgeroom component layouts: 29SJ2742 and 29Mc295
• 2.4. 29SJ 2557. Isolated great kiva on Chacra Mesa
• 2.5. 29MC 261. Great kiva and associated features in Kin Bineola community.
• 2.6. Kin Klizhin Chacoan structure (29SJ 1413; LA 4975) plan view
• 2.7a. Kin Klizhin Chacoan structure looking southwest
• 2.7b. Kin Klizhin Chacoan structure looking west
• 2.7c. Aerial view of Kin Klizhin Chacoan structure looking west
• 2.8. Kin Bineola Chacoan structure (29SJ 1580; LA 18705) plan view
• 2.9. Kin Bineola Chacoan structure looking west.
• 2.10. 29Mc 291, Chacoan structure plan view
• 2.11a. 29Mc 291, Roomblock 1, looking northeast
• 2.11b. 29Mc 291, View of western portion of Roomblock 1 looking northwest
• 2.11c. 29Mc 291, Close-up of exposed masonry in southwest corner of Roomblock 1
• 2.12. Kin Klizhin survey area: A.D. 550-750 and A.D. 550-880 sites
• 2.13. Kin Klizhin survey area: A.D. 700-880, A.D. 700-1025, and A.D. 550-880 sites
• 2.14. Kin Klizhin survey area: A.D. 890-1025, A.D. 890-1130, and A.D. 700-1025 sites
• 2.15. Kin Klizhin survey area: A.D. 1030-1130, A.D. 1030-1230, and A.D. 890-1130 sites
• 2.16. Kin Klizhin survey area: A.D. 1130-1230 and A.D. 1030-1230 sites
• 2.17. All Kin Klizhin Anasazi water control components dated and undated
• 2.18. All Kin Klizhin baking pit and hearth components
• 2.19. All Kin Klizhin Anasazi shrine and herradura components
• 2.20. Kin Bineola survey area: A.D. 550-750 and A.D. 550-880 sites
• 2.21. Kin Bineola survey area: A.D. 700-880, A.D. 700-1025, and A.D. 550-880 sites
• 2.22. Kin Bineola survey area: A.D. 890-1025, A.D. 890-1130, and A.D. 700-1025 sites
• 2.23. Kin Bineola survey area: A.D. 1030-1130, A.D. 890-1130, and A.D. 1030-1230 sites
• 2.24. Kin Bineola survey area: A.D. 1130-1230 and A.D. 1030-1230 sites
• 2.25. All Kin Bineola water control components of Anasazi and Unknown affiliation
• 2.26. All Kin Bineola baking pit and hearth components of Anasazi and Unknown affilitation
• 2.27. All Kin Bineola shrine, rock art, and road segment components
• 2.28. Chacra Mesa survey area: A.D. 550-750 and A.D. 550-880 sites
• 2.29. Chacra Mesa survey area: A.D. 700-880, A.D. 550-880, and A.D. 700-1025 sites
• 2.30. Chacra Mesa survey area: A. D. 890-1025, A.D. 700-1025, and A.D. 890-1130 sites
• 2.31. Chacra Mesa survey area: A.D. 1030-1130, A.D. 890-1130, and A.D. 1030-1230 sites
• 2.32. Chacra Mesa survey area: A.D. 1130-1230 and A.D. 1030-1230 sites
• 2.33. Chacra Mesa water control components of Anasazi and Unknown affiliation
• 2.34. All Chacra Mesa baking pit and hearth components of Anasazi and Unknown affiliation
• 2.35. All Chacra Mesa rock art, shrine, trail, and stairs/road components
• 2.36. South Addition survey area: A.D. 550-750 sites
• 2.37. South Addition survey area: A.D. 700-880 and A.D. 700-1025 sites
• 2.38. South Addition survey area: A.D. 890-1025 and A.D. 700-1025 sites
• 2.39. South Addition survey area: A.D. 1030-1130 sites
• 2.40. All South Addition rock art, road/trail, baking pit, hearth, and water control components
• 2.41a. Habitation and fieldhouse distribution in the Kin Klizhin survey area, A.D. 550-750
• 2.41b. Habitation and fieldhouse distribution in the Kin Klizhin survey area, A.D. 700-880
• 2.41c. Habitation and fieldhouse distribution in the Kin Klizhin survey area, A.D. 890-1025
• 2.41d. Habitation and fieldhouse distribution in the Kin Klizhin survey area, A.D. 1030-1130
• 2.41e. Habitation and fieldhouse distribution in the Kin Klizhin survey area, A.D. 1130-1230
• 2.42a. Habitation and fieldhouse distribution in the Kin Bineola survey area, A.D. 550-750
• 2.42b. Habitation and fieldhouse distribution in the Kin Bineola survey area, A.D. 700-880
• 2.42c. Habitation and fieldhouse distribution in the Kin Bineola survey area, A.D. 890-1025
• 2.42d. Habitation and fieldhouse distribution in the Kin Bineola survey area, A.D. 1030-1130
• 2.42e. Habitation and fieldhouse distribution in the Kin Bineola survey area, A.D. 1130-1230
• 2.43. Relationship of population to area under roof for modern pueblos
• 2.44. Population trends using Power+ adjusted formula, maximum estimates
• 2.45. Population trends using Power+ adjusted formula minus Chaco structures

• 3.1. Kin Klizhin topographic and vegetative types
• 3.2. Kin Bineola. topographic and vegetative types
• 3.3. Chacra Mesa .topographic and vegetative types
• 3.4. South Addition topographic and vegetative types

• 4.1. Plot of cubic clustering criterion by number of clusters
• 4.2a. Proportions of Cibola White Ware by date group showing Chaco Canyon proveniences
• 4.2b. Proportions of Cibola White Ware by date group showing inventory survey proveniences
• 4.3a-d. Histogram of mean dates of Anasazi ceramic proveniences by survey area
• 4.4. Temporal distribution of ceramic wares
• 4.5. Percentage of nonlocal ceramics by date group and area as a percentage of total ceramics
• 4.6. Percentage of Chuska Gray Ware and Cibola Gray Ware as proportion of total gray ware
• 4.7. Percentage of nonlocal painted wares as a proportion of total painted wares
• 4.8. Percentage of Chuska White Ware as a proportion of total painted wares
• 4.9a. Bar graph of percentage of Chuska Gray Ware in plain ware assemblages
• 4.9b. Bar graph of percentage of nonlocal painted ware in painted assemblages
• 4.10. Plot of percentage trachyte by geodesic distance from Skunk Springs, A.D. 890 to 1025
• 4.11. Plot of percentage trachyte by geodesic distance from Skunk Springs, A.D. 1030 to 1130
• 4.12. Plot of percentage trachyte by geodesic distance to Skunk Springs, A.D. 1130 to 1230
• 4.13. Histogram of ceramic assemblage size showing Anasazi assemblages with 20 sherds or more
• 4.14. Distribution of mean sample size of ceramic assemblages by site types
• 4.15a. Histogram showing range of decorated jar percentages in ceramic assemblages
• 4.15b. Histogram showing range of plain jar percentages in ceramic assemblages
• 4.15c. Histogram showing range of decorated bowl percentages in ceramic assemblages
• 4.16. Percentage plots of clusters of decorated jars, plain ware jars, and decorated bowls
• 4.17a-e. Cumulative percentages of ceramic assemblage groups for each survey area by date group

• 5.1. Geologic formations in the Chaco Canyon area containing local raw materials
• 5.2. Source locations for nonlocal chipped stone found at Chaco Additions sites
• 5.3. Percent of nonlocal chipped stone by Anasazi time period and survey area
• 5.4. Total assemblage tool type percents by survey area
• 5.5. Tool type percents by culture
• 5.6. Chacra Mesa tool type percents by culture
• 5.7. Camp tool percents by culture
• 5.8. Major Anasazi site type tool percents
• 5.9. Small structure tool type percents by survey area
• 5.10. Anasazi tool type percents by time group
• 5.11. Chacra Mesa Anasazi tool type percents by time group
• 5.12. Kin Bineola Anasazi tool type percents by time group
• 5.13. A.D. 890-1025 tool type percents by survey area
• 5.14. A.D. 1030-1130 tool type percents by survey area
• 5.15. Projectile points A and B
• 5.16. Projectile points C through G
• 5.17. Projectile points H through K

• 6.1. Tree-ring dated sites in the Chacra Mesa survey area
• 6.2. Plan view of 29SJ 2704, a single habitation site dated to 1870-1930
• 6.3. Plan view of 29SJ 2702, a post-1930 single habitation site
• 6.4. Plan view of 29SJ 2705, a single habitation site dated to 1922-1960
• 6.5. View of 29SJ 2700, a single habitation site
• 6.6. View of hogan dated to 1945-1949 at 29SJ 2700, a single habitation site
• 6.7. View of corral at 29SJ 2478, a single habitation site dated to 1910-1920
• 6.8. View of lamb pen at 29SJ 2700, a single habitation site with a component dated to 1945-1949
• 6.9. Plan view of 29MC 515
• 6.10. Plan view of 29SJ 2606, a multiple habitation site dated to 1776-1850
• 6.11. Plan view of 29SJ 2966, a multi-component multiple habitation site
• 6.12. View of Hogan 1 at 29SJ 2606, a multiple habitation site dated to 1776-1850
• 6.13. View of a well-preserved hogan ring (Hogan 1) at 29SJ 2908, dated to 1910-1935
• 6.14. View of house at 29SJ 2459, a multiple habitation site dated to 1920-1935
• 6.15. View of a storage room at 29SJ 2966, a multiple habitation site dated from 1940-early 1950s
• 6.16. View of shade or windbreak remains at 29Mc 491, a post-1930 multiple habitation site
• 6.17. Plan view of 29Mc 289, a stockholding facility
• 6.18. View of lamb pen at 29Mc 289, a stockholding facility
• 6.19. View of a rock shelter at 29SJ 2792, a temporary site dated to1930-1960
• 6.20. View of a brush and stone corral at 29SJ 2608, a temporary shelter site
• 6.21. View of Ye'i figures at 29SJ 2551
• 6.22. View of rock art panel of holy people at 29SJ 2653
• 6.23. View of painted Ye'i figures at 29SJ 206
• 6.24. View of horseman chasing train incised at 29SJ 2562
• 6.25. View of storage room at 29SJ 2649
• 6.26. View of sweat lodge at 29Mc 393
• 6.27. View of stairway at 29Mc 431
• 6.28. View of doll house at 29SJ 2709, a post-1950 temporary shelter site
• 6.29. View of rectangular doll house at 29SJ 2556
• 6.30. Variation in the total number of artifacts observed at major site types
• 6.31. Variation in the number of artifact groups observed at major site types
• 6.32. Chacra Mesa Navajo and historic sites in relation to areas considered good for grazing
• 6.33. Kin Bineola Navajo and historic sites in relation to areas considered good for grazing
• 6.34. Kin Klizhin Navajo and historic sites in relation to areas considered good for grazing
• 6.35. South Addition Navajo and historic sites in relation to areas considered good for grazing
• 6.36. Sites dating from 1700 to 1863 in the Kin Bineola survey area
• 6.37. Sites dating from 1868 to 1930 in the Kin Bineola survey area
• 6.38. Sites dating from 1868 to 1930 in the Kin Klizhin survey area
• 6.39. Sites dating from 1930 to 1980 in the Kin Bineola survey area
• 6.40. Sites dating from 1930 to 1980 in the Kin Klizhin survey area
• 6.41. Sites dating from 1700 to 1863 in the South Addition survey area
• 6.42. Sites dating from 1868 to 1930 in the South Addition survey area
• 6.43. Sites dating from 1930 to 1980 in the South Addition survey area
• 6.44. Sites dating from 1700 to 1863 in the Chacra Mesa survey area
• 6.45. Sites dating from 1868 to 1930 in the Chacra Mesa survey area
• 6.46. Sites dating from 1930 to 1980 in the Chacra Mesa survey area

• 7.1. Assemblage size (in groups of 10 artifacts) by number of sites
• 7.2. Plan view of site 29Mc 476
• 7.3. Plan view of site 29SJ 479
• 7.4. Functional artifact categories by site type
• 7.5. Functional artifact categories by feature type

• 8.1. Map of Chaco Culture NHP showing Navajo sites discussed in ethnohistory study
• 8.2. The Padilla family ties
• 8.3a. Family ties for Choche through marriage
• 8.3b. Family ties for Choche. Relationships with three wives
• 8.3c. Family ties for Choche. Descendants with ‘Asdzą́ą́ Begishe
• 8.4. Relationships between Hastiin Tsékooh, his two wives, and their children

• 9.1a. Kin Klizhin survey area Archaic sites and isolates
• 9.1b. Chacra Mesa survey area Archaic sites and isolates
• 9.2. Plan and profile views of the unfinished Chacoan structure (29SJ 2384) on Chacra Mesa
• 9.3. View of exposed Chacoan structure (29SJ 2384) masonry in arroyo cut
• 9.4. View of the great kiva (29Mc 261) in the southern portion of the Kin Bineola area
• 9.5. Plan view of Kin Klizhin dam and spillway (29SJ 2444)
• 9.6. Plan and profile views of Kin Klizhin dam
• 9.7. Plan view of dam (29Mc 330) in Kin Bineola survey area
• 9.8. Plan of dam and problematic linear feature (29Mc332) in Kin Bineola survey area
• 9.9. View of problematic linear feature at 29Mc 332
• 9.10. Plan view of the problematic linear feature (29Mc 147 and 29SJ 2527) near Teardrop Mesa
• 9.11. Cross-sections of the problematic linear feature
• 9.12. Percentages of nonlocal ceramics at great houses, great kivas, habitations
• 9.13. Percentages of nonlocal lithics at great houses, great kivas, habitations